 |
| Fig.1 Bone chair, Julien De Smedt, 1975 |
Architectural precedent: JDS Bone Chair, designed by Julien De Smedt, 1975
Key Concept:
According to the architect, Julien De Smedit, the key process of determining the shape of the bone chair includes the building of a whole seat and removing non-essential material from each section, which aims at building a chair with no superfluous elements1
The chair has showed the architect's interests in creating nontraditional form. In his later design, the building of the "Iceberg," the reverse engineering that cutting elements from different section can also be found2
Selected Design Element: a whole chair
How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Form
of the Selected Design Element:
 |
| Fig.2 Iceberg, Julien De Smedt,Aarhus,Denmark,2013 |
The triangle shape of the leg and the seat will undoubtly make the chair more stable.
Geometrical Description of the
Shape:
As discussed above,the chair is a result of selectively removing material from each plane. It shows a skeleton structure that minimize material used, different elements are rigidly connected to make the chair stable. Although there is no perfect geometry form, from the Gestalt point of view, we can still sense the previous box-like shape. For the reason that the body of the chair is its structure, we can easily find the beauty of dynamic and minimum.
 |
| Fig.3 evolution of the bone chair, JDS,1975 |
Proposed Scale,Material, Technique:
S: 1:1 (a chair that can be used in reality）
M: 12 mm plywood (the original material)
T: Band-saw, drill, sander
Time, Commitment, Cost/Budget
T: sketch up mode and CAD drawing (2-3 hours)
cutting the wood board (5 hours)
connect different elements together (1-2 hours)
overall (8-10 hours)
B: 3*897*600*12 mm plywood board (57 dollars)
16* 30mm helix screws （8 dollars)
Overall (65 dollars)
Refereces:
1. Agata Toromanoff, “Julien De Smedt” in Chairs by Architects (London: Thames
&Hudson,2016), 119.
2.Ibid.
3..Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
Image Credit:
1.Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Chloc Hay " Denmark's 10 Stunning New Buildings & Architectural Marvels," the culture trip, http://theculturetrip.com/europe/denmark/articles/denmark-s-10-stunning-new-buildings-architectural-marvels/(accessed September 14th,2016).
3. Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
2.Ibid.
3..Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
Image Credit:
1.Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Chloc Hay " Denmark's 10 Stunning New Buildings & Architectural Marvels," the culture trip, http://theculturetrip.com/europe/denmark/articles/denmark-s-10-stunning-new-buildings-architectural-marvels/(accessed September 14th,2016).
3. Dezeen Magazine"Bone Chair by Julien De Smedt Architects," Dezeen Magazine, http://www.dezeen.com/2011/03/01/bone-chair-by- julien-de-smedt-architects-2/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
Model 2:
 |
| Fig.1 Double house, MVRDV,1995-1997 |
Architectural precedent: Double house, MVRDV,1995-1997
Key Concept: The project is located in Utrecht, designed for two separate families that willing to share one single site with the finest view of the park, easy access to the street, and the roof and the garden1.In order to have as big living spaces as possible, the architects designed the houses to be interlocked together three-dimensionally instead of simply splitting the site into halves for each of the two families2. As a result, the living space has stretched almost the entire width of the site3. However, the idea of interlocking elements is not new, it can also be found in Le Corbusier's Berlin Unite4.
Selected Design Element: a whole house
How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Form of the Selected Design Element:
 |
| Fig.2 Precedent of Double house |
In this project, spaces were interwoven and borders were shifted from floor to floor5. As an outcome, each floor is determined by its own distinctive feature.According to Flores Zanchi, the reinforced concrete was stretched to their limit by dividing the two apartments back and forth like a snake6. Therefore, it is the weaving of two families in a one single box that being the basic strategy to drive the shaping of this design. The model being built will reflect this design philosophy by differentiating materials. Meanwhile, the model will also suggest the design idea that the two-intersected houses be wrapped in a box of glass and wood.
Geometrical Description of the Shape:
Generally speaking, the house is a cube that three- dimensionally interlocked by two units. Each of the unit is
characterized by rigid and orthogonal. The whole program has been stretched to four story without any similarity between different levels.
Proposed Scale,Material, Technique:
Geometrical Description of the Shape:
Generally speaking, the house is a cube that three- dimensionally interlocked by two units. Each of the unit is
characterized by rigid and orthogonal. The whole program has been stretched to four story without any similarity between different levels.
Proposed Scale,Material, Technique:
S: 1:50 (a detachable conceptual model）
M: plywood (same material that be used in the architecture, in this case, a plywood case will be modeled as a container of the two units .)
Perspex (using different color to highlight the two interlocking element)
Perspex (using different color to highlight the two interlocking element)
T: Laser-cut
Time, Commitment, Cost/Budget
T: sketch up mode and CAD drawing (4-6 hours)
convert the file to AI (1 hour)
convert the file to AI (1 hour)
laser cut (3 hours)
connect different elements together (3 hours)
overall (11-13 hours)
C: 2 *900*600*3mm Acrylic sheet (60 dollars)
2 *300*600*3mm MDF sheet(6 dollars)
Overall:66 dollars
C: 2 *900*600*3mm Acrylic sheet (60 dollars)
2 *300*600*3mm MDF sheet(6 dollars)
Overall:66 dollars
References:
1. MVRDV, "Double House, Utrecht," MVRDV, https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/doublehouseutrecht (accessed September 14th,2016).
2.Galinsky, "Two-family house,Utrecht, The Netherlands," galinsky, http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/twofamilyhouse/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
3.Ibid.
4. SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, "Archive for MVRDV," SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, https://archidialog.com/tag/mvrdv/page/3/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
5.. Flores Zanchi, "MVRDV,Double House Uthecht," FLOORNATURE, http://www.floornature.com/projects-housing/project-mvrdv-double-house-utrecht-4374/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
6.Ibid,
Image credit:
1. MVRDV, "Double House, Utrecht," MVRDV, https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/doublehouseutrecht (accessed September 14th,2016).
2. . SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, "Archive for MVRDV," SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, https://archidialog.com/tag/mvrdv/page/3/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
3.Deviant Art, "Double House-white ver.", deviant art, http://esco1984.deviantart.com/art/Double-House-white-ver-126910290(accessed September 14th,2016).
Model 3:
Architectural precedent: Richard Medical Center Commentary, Louis Kahn, 1957-1961
Key Concept: As stated by the architect, the building of Medical Research Building at the University of Pennsylvania is conceived as the recognition of the realization that the air to breathe in science laboratories should be away from the air to throw away1.The outcome is Louis Kahn's signature of "served" and "servant" space: three great stacks of studios and attach to them are tall service towers which functioned as animal quarters, mains to carry water, gas and vacuum lines, as well as ducts to breathe in the air from 'nostrils' placed low in the building and exhaust it out through stacks high above the roof2.
Selected Design Element: one structural bay of the building
How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Form of the Selected Design Element: It is a group of connected vertical volumes that functions as the composing unit of the design3.In older to differentiate the "served" and "servant"space, different exterior treatment were applied in this building 4. The model being built will reflect this character by using different materials. Besides, since the building is characterized by its cantilevered structural, pre‑cast concrete beams(it is one of the first prefabricated and post tensioned systems in building construction)5, attention will be paid to illustrating this innovative structure system.
Geometrical Description of the Shape:
As discussed above, there is a clear strategy for this building to differentiate form, material and process which aims at showing the different between "served" and "servant" space. It is reasonable to build a model with the contrasting of different element: on one hand there will be a bulk-like servant space(stairs,elevators, and air-handling towers), while on the other hand there will be a detailed interpretation of large open plan that functions as served space（laboratory).
Proposed Scale,Material, Technique:
1. MVRDV, "Double House, Utrecht," MVRDV, https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/doublehouseutrecht (accessed September 14th,2016).
2.Galinsky, "Two-family house,Utrecht, The Netherlands," galinsky, http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/twofamilyhouse/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
3.Ibid.
4. SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, "Archive for MVRDV," SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, https://archidialog.com/tag/mvrdv/page/3/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
5.. Flores Zanchi, "MVRDV,Double House Uthecht," FLOORNATURE, http://www.floornature.com/projects-housing/project-mvrdv-double-house-utrecht-4374/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
6.Ibid,
Image credit:
1. MVRDV, "Double House, Utrecht," MVRDV, https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/doublehouseutrecht (accessed September 14th,2016).
2. . SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, "Archive for MVRDV," SOME ONE HAS BUILT IT BEFORE, https://archidialog.com/tag/mvrdv/page/3/ (accessed September 14th,2016)
3.Deviant Art, "Double House-white ver.", deviant art, http://esco1984.deviantart.com/art/Double-House-white-ver-126910290(accessed September 14th,2016).
Model 3:
 |
| Fig.1 Richard Medical Center, Louis Kahn,1957-1961 |
Key Concept: As stated by the architect, the building of Medical Research Building at the University of Pennsylvania is conceived as the recognition of the realization that the air to breathe in science laboratories should be away from the air to throw away1.The outcome is Louis Kahn's signature of "served" and "servant" space: three great stacks of studios and attach to them are tall service towers which functioned as animal quarters, mains to carry water, gas and vacuum lines, as well as ducts to breathe in the air from 'nostrils' placed low in the building and exhaust it out through stacks high above the roof2.
Selected Design Element: one structural bay of the building
How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Form of the Selected Design Element: It is a group of connected vertical volumes that functions as the composing unit of the design3.In older to differentiate the "served" and "servant"space, different exterior treatment were applied in this building 4. The model being built will reflect this character by using different materials. Besides, since the building is characterized by its cantilevered structural, pre‑cast concrete beams(it is one of the first prefabricated and post tensioned systems in building construction)5, attention will be paid to illustrating this innovative structure system.
Geometrical Description of the Shape:
As discussed above, there is a clear strategy for this building to differentiate form, material and process which aims at showing the different between "served" and "servant" space. It is reasonable to build a model with the contrasting of different element: on one hand there will be a bulk-like servant space(stairs,elevators, and air-handling towers), while on the other hand there will be a detailed interpretation of large open plan that functions as served space（laboratory).
 |
| Fig.3 structural model |
Proposed Scale,Material, Technique:
S: 1:50 (showing the connection detail of different elements）
M: BASS wood for prefabricated truss system, plywood for the service tower ( different material is chosen to differentiate function) MDF base
T: Laser-cut, Band-saw, CMC cutting machine (this technique is chosen in order to create the I Shape beam)
Time, Commitment, Cost/Budget
T: sketch up mode and CAD drawing (6-8 hours)
convert the file to AI (2 hour)
convert the file to AI (2 hour)
laser cut (4 hours)
connect different elements together (4 hours)
overall (16-18 hours)
C:1 *1200*810*2.7 mm plywood sheet(11 dollars)
2* 300*915*6 mm basswood (25 dollars)
1 sheet of MDF (can use the leftover material)
Overall 36 dollars
References:
1. Great Buildings, "Richards Medical Center," Great buildings, http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/richards_medical_center.html (accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Ibid.
3.Upenn facilities and real estates service, "Richards Medical Center Laboratories," Upenn facilities and real estates service http://www.facilities.upenn.edu/maps/locations/richards-medical-research-laboratories (accessed September 14th,2016)
4. Ibid.
5.Ibid.
Image Credit:
1. Karissa Rosenfield, "Louis Kahn's Notorious Richards Laboratory Restored," archdaily, http://www.archdaily.com/780260/louis-kahns-notorious-richards-laboratory-restored-to-its-original-essence((accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Great Buildings, "Richards Medical Center," Great buildings, http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/richards_medical_center.html (accessed September 14th,2016)
3. Michael Morris, "Richards Medical Cente [Louis Kahn]," Behance, https://www.behance.net/gallery/6414159/richards-medical-center-louis-kahn (accessed September 14th,2016)
2* 300*915*6 mm basswood (25 dollars)
1 sheet of MDF (can use the leftover material)
Overall 36 dollars
References:
1. Great Buildings, "Richards Medical Center," Great buildings, http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/richards_medical_center.html (accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Ibid.
3.Upenn facilities and real estates service, "Richards Medical Center Laboratories," Upenn facilities and real estates service http://www.facilities.upenn.edu/maps/locations/richards-medical-research-laboratories (accessed September 14th,2016)
4. Ibid.
5.Ibid.
Image Credit:
1. Karissa Rosenfield, "Louis Kahn's Notorious Richards Laboratory Restored," archdaily, http://www.archdaily.com/780260/louis-kahns-notorious-richards-laboratory-restored-to-its-original-essence((accessed September 14th,2016)
2. Great Buildings, "Richards Medical Center," Great buildings, http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/richards_medical_center.html (accessed September 14th,2016)
3. Michael Morris, "Richards Medical Cente [Louis Kahn]," Behance, https://www.behance.net/gallery/6414159/richards-medical-center-louis-kahn (accessed September 14th,2016)
 |
| Fig,2 structural detail |
